The Great Impact On The United Kingdom - 1846 Words

The 1930s have been a decade of great changes in the United Kingdom. Three succes-sive National governments left the British People quite lost in terms of leadership, especial-ly in those times of Great Depression. The raising of the taxes and the massive wave of unemployment led the poor to become even poorer but it also saw the expansion of the middle-class among the society. Indeed, this period saw the falling of prices of goods, the reduction of the number of large families, the settling of the reduction of working hours and the outbreak of paid holidays by the Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain which let families in less need. Moreover, the outbreak of household electrical goods such as televisions or vacuum cleaners marked the development of the popular culture and, therefore, of the middle-class . On the other hand, the quantity of poor remained massive among the working class and the rising of the conservative party after the appalling failure of Ramsay MacDonald’s gov ernment has made a contribution to it. Those changes stimulated interest from many authors in the postwar literature and the role of class has been crucial in the wri-ting of the period. Between two wars, it was the end of the birth setting your future. Many people didn’t know where they belonged anymore and trying to figure that out was the aim of most authors. Using their experience in their social class of origin or outside of it, they are the best placed to narrate and share their point ofShow MoreRelatedNews Media And Voting Preferences Essay1391 Words   |  6 Pagesthe social and social-psychological aspects of media influence on the voting preferences of the United Kingdom citizens. In general, news media may change the social setting in which people decide whether to vote or not, and, as a consequence, the process of voting itself. By conducting the research I would like to understand to what extent news media may influence voting preferences in the United Kingdom. The duration of research is one year, that is why longitudinal studies will not be used, butRead MoreThe European Union ( Eu )1691 Words   |  7 Pagescontained six original members, not including Great Britain. The primary objective of the EU is to increase trade and movement of goods, services, and people, and to ensure economic growth between these nations. It also enacts legislation relating to justice and international affairs. On June 23rd, 2016 the Brexit referendum was held. The decision to leave won with a small victory of 52% with almost 72% of eligible electorates vote (Wheeler, Hunt). The United Kingdom’s vote out of the European Union,Read MorePolitical And Economic Impacts Of The British Voters985 Words   |  4 Pageshas prevailed with 52 percent voters supporting Brexit, or Britain s exit, while the remain side getting 48 percent. Some of the political and economic impacts have been already felt in the United Kingdom and registered in Europe and across th e world. The others will come as political and economic uncertainties continue. In the United Kingdom, the Conservative Prime Minister David Cameron, who had led the remain side, announced that he would stand down . The chief of the main opposition Labor PartyRead MoreInternational Region And Its Impact On Foreign Policy Essay1530 Words   |  7 Pages Regionalization Introduction An international region can be defined as a number of states linked by a geographic relationship and by a degree of interdependence. The activities of the neighboring states have a significant impact on determining foreign policy. Regionalization is helping reshape the world in a profound way since many countries today are seeking stronger economic ties with their regional neighbors. Regional subsystems are characterized by clusters of states coexisting in geographicalRead MoreShould Britain Join The European Union For Economic Reasons? Essay1526 Words   |  7 Pagesthis Brexit has caused global economic growth to decline is because Germany and the United Kingdom work closely together, as well as much of other parts of Europe. Because Germany’s automotive industry is very dependent on the United Kingdom. The Brexit is reducing British imports by 12.5 percent which will impact Germany’s economic growth by being half a percentage point lower than it should be. Another c lear impact that it’s having on economic growth is the depreciation of the British pound. It droppedRead MoreThe Prime Minister David Cameron909 Words   |  4 Pagesout of the European Union. The 52 percent of them supported Brexit, or Britain s exit, while the rest favored staying in the regional group. The decision has thrown the United Kingdom, Europe and the world into a political and economic vortex of uncertainty, which is likely to be worse before it gets better. In the United Kingdom, the Conservative Prime Minister David Cameron, who had led the campaign to stay in the EU, announced that he would stand down in the wake of the referendum result. JeremyRead MoreThe United Kingdom From Membership Of The European Union Essay1713 Words   |  7 Pagesthe United Kingdom from membership of the European Union, is also known as Brexit. Derived from Britain and Exit. The United Kingdom held a referendum to decide if they leave the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1975. This was mainly because in 1963 and 1967 the United Kingdom applied for membership and was denied because Charles de Gaulle the president of France at that time dismissed the application because of the fear that English language will dominate the continent. In 1973 the United KingdomRead MoreThe United Kingdom s War Essay1465 Words   |  6 PagesSection One: The United Kingdom’s war memorials in the twentieth century Memorials show an interesting aspect of the political and cultural memory of war in the United Kingdom over the course of the twentieth century is because there was a drastic change in what memorials looked like, who funded them, and the inscriptions carved in them. Each of these changes illustrates how the individual need and desire to mourn overtook the political desire to show the triumph of the state. The First and SecondRead MoreEffects Of The Great Recession On The United Kingdom Essay1405 Words   |  6 PagesBackground The â€Å"Great Recession† is commonly used to explain the massive economic contraction that occurred in the United States during the fourth quarter of 2007. However, the actions of the United States spanned to other nations, leaving massive effect on the global economy. One nation that took on serious financial burden during this recession was the United Kingdom. This nation first faced the effects of the Great Recession beginning in the first quarter of 2008. Overall, the initial mass effectsRead MoreCompany Directors Of The United Kingdom : Annotated Bibliography1437 Words   |  6 PagesDISQUALIFICATION OF COMPANY DIRECTORS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Newspaper Article Blitz R, ‘Former Rangers FC owner banned as director’ Financial Times (London, 30 September 2014) accessed 14 November 2016 This newspaper article brings out a good practical example of the law of disqualification of directors in the United Kingdom. Craig Whyte has been disqualified from being a director for 15 years; the maximum number of years a director can be disqualified, because he

Essays and Articles Free Essays

The role of media in today’s world| (Muzna Shakeel, Karachi)| | | | | | In the world of today, media has become as necessary as food and clothing. It has played significant role in strengthening the society. Media is considered as â€Å"mirror† of the modern society, infect,it is the media which shapes our lives. We will write a custom essay sample on Essays and Articles or any similar topic only for you Order Now The purpose of the media is to inform people about current ,new affairs and to tell about the latest gossip and fashion. It tells about the people who are geographically divided. The role of media has become one way of trading and marketing of products and prejudices. The media claimed to be governed by righteousness and equity, but greed and self-aggrandizement has poisoned its virtues. Media is in charge of : 1 information 2 education 3 entertainment 4 advertising 5 correlation of parts of society Society is influenced by media in so many ways. It is the media for the masses that helps them to get information about a lot of things and also to form opinions and make judgments regarding various issues! It is the media which keeps the people updated and informed about what is happening around them and the world. Everyone can draw something from it. Media has had a bad effect on a generation, mainly because ,youth is strongly influenced by media. Teenagers and children wish to follow the people ,who get recognized and do what they do to get noticed. Sometimes, they focus on bad part of the media and strive to be a part of it. However, many are not succumbed to a life of crime! These are the things which get into Young civilian minds! The media affects people’s perspective. Too much intervention of media in everything is a matter of concern. Media can be considered as â€Å"watch dog† of political democracy. Through the ages,the emphasis of media on news has camouflaged. Media these days, tries to eye the news ,which could help them to sell the information that is gathered worldwide, so that they could pave a way of success and fame of their respective channels. Fm radios, newspapers, information found on net and television are the mass medias that serve to reduce the communication gap between the audience, viewers and the media world. For the sake of publicity and selling, important figures, their lifestyles are usually targeted. Unimportant and irrelevant news, that usually have no importance are given priority and due to a reason or the other ,they get onto the minds of the viewers and in this ways many a times,important political,economical and sociological news get neglected and gradually,lose their importance! No doubt,media has played significant role in making world a global village and to reduce the communication gaps amongst the people living in the far areas but unfortunately,media these days has become a COMMERCIALIZED SECTOR,eying the news which are hot and good at selling. The goal is to gain the television rating points. I believe,if the media identifies its responsibility and work sincerely and honestly ,then it can serve as a great force in building the nation It can change opinions because they have access to people and this gives it a lot of strength. This strength can either be used constructively by educating the people or it can be used destructively by misleading the innocent people. Power of the media can transform the whole society especially in the developing countries it can be used as a ‘weapon of mass destruction’. But I think the most important use of media is to educate the people about the basic human rights. The dilemma of the developing countries is that people are not fully aware of their basic rights and if they know, they don’t know about what to do and where to go. They don’t know their collective strength. Even they don’t know how to protest and what is the importance of protests. Media should portray the facts. They should not transform the reality. Education and discipline is key to progress. This is the difference between a nation and a crowd. Media men have access to people and they have an audience. Their programs have an impact and people listen to them. That’s why they are more responsible for the betterment of the society. They should work to educate the people, to help the people and to liberate the people and to empower the people Media plays a very important role in the building of a society. Media has changed the societies of world so much that we can’t ignore its importance. First of all we should know what the media is. Media is a source of information or communication. Media includes sources like print media and electronic media. Newspapers, magazines and any other form, which is written or printed, is included in print media and in electronic, media radio, television and Internet etc. are included. When there are so many channels and newspapers we cannot ignore its importance in the society. Media has lot of responsibility on its shoulders as today’s society is very much influenced by the role of media. We believe in what media projects to us. We change our minds according to the information provided through it. In the past when the media was not so strong we were quite ignorant about what is happening around us. But today we come to know very quickly what is happening around us. We have the access to all the international news channels that provide us the facts and figures. Considering this fact that media has the power to influence society, it should know its responsibility towards society. It should feel its responsibility to educate the society in a positive way. It should be giving us fair analysis and factual information Media plays a vital role in every one’s life. In today’s modern society media has become a part and parcel of our life. Its duty is to inform, educate and entertain. It is considered as the 4th pillar of our society. They put their lives in danger like in times of terrorist attacks or natural calamity just to inform us about it. Media is a bridge between the governing bodies and general public. It is a powerful and flexible tool that influences the public to a great extent. Media is voice of the voiceless and a great force in building the nation The newspapers can play a very vital role in the reconstruction and regeneration of a nation by highlighting and pin-pointing the social, economic and moral evils in the society. Can be helpful in eradicating these evils from the society. They can also start propaganda against the economic evils like short-weights and measures, smuggling. Black-marketing income tax evasion hoarding corruption and bribery. THUS the newspapers can help greatly in the nation- building activities. Newspapers provide some material for every type of interest. They give us stories, the crossword puzzles, the post page, the expert’s comments on certain affairs of national and international importance. Some pages are meant for women and children as well. Newspapers also provide us information about various matters and things through advertisements. They can help the advertisers to boost up their sale and the consumers to consume the new goods. In other words, newspapers provide a wholesome intellectual food, trade contacts and also job opportunities. It is through the newspapers, many a time that marriages are arranged, and lost things are found. People pay homage to their dead relatives through the obituary notes in the newspapers. In short, newspapers contain all what is needed and desired by every person relating to any field of life. Newspapers play manifold character in almost all fields of life and are becoming more and important day by day. Education plays a vital role in the all round development of the society. Educated masses help in the development of a civilized society wherein they carry on their activities smoothly and hassle-free. People in a educated society communicate with each other, understand each other’s problems and provide solutions. An educated society, city, state, and country lay the foundation of a great world. Education plays the biggest role in society because without it, we wouldn’t have doctors, lawyers, etc†¦ Plus, some people who don’t have education usually end up as delinquents. How to cite Essays and Articles, Essays

Management Is Importance to the Business †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About the Management Is Importance to the Business? Answer: Introduction The report shows a clear assessment of ABC Fertilizer Company. The company has operated for the last 80 years in the production of fertilizers. The report clearly looks into the problem that the firm is facing from various managerial sectors. The structure of the company has Chief Executive Officer who is the in charge of the businesses and other four managers in different departments. All the executive management needs to address issues in their department for active operations. The report also looks into the strategies put in place on how to deal with stated problems. The major benefit that the company will enjoy is increased profits, coordination of department and effective and efficient supply chain process. Implementation of the strategies will attract a higher cost that will save in the long run. Problem analysis ABC Company has faced various problems in the supply chain management that minimize on the company profits (Christopher, 2016). Planning on the supply chain management is the key determinant for the firm's business since a lot of resources are invested in the chain. Significant investment in the planning of the supply and production of fertilizer is the most consideration for the ABC Company. The biggest problems facing the company in the procurement and production management are discussed below. First, production of 100,000 tonnes of fertilizer that stays in the stores before they are delivered to the customers. The time for the good remain in the warehouse is long and attracts a lot of resources to maintain products in the store. Therefore, the company set aside finance to pay for inventory managements. It is recommendable for the management to consider the issue of time to deliver the already manufactured product. ABC fertilizers are being stored for nine months before being delivered to the customers (Tayur, Ganeshan Magazine, 2012). Purchase always has it peak time where fertilizers are highly demanded, and after which goods left stay almost for one year without being sold. This may not be effective or work well for farmers in their production. Secondly, the level of raw materials is held high not because of the increased production activities but the problem of infrequent delivery. (Mabert Venkataramanan 2008)The primary raw material is Ammonium Nitrate transported by sea to the plant. Smaller plants of ABC Company situated in other countries get the raw material by seas that come from the main plant. The cost of the accumulated raw material is as a result of transport problems (Seuring Mller 2009). The ship can only carry 25000 tonnes of raw material, but the plant requires 350,000tonnes. This leads to the accumulated raw materials in the stores. More so, the procurement department opts to buy major suppliers' production capacity because it takes a long time after placing an order and time for delivery. The plan by the procurement department takes a period of 6months while for suppliers to attend to the order and transportation takes three months. In most cases due to the extended period of acquiring the raw materials t he company has to hold a significant amount of safety stock to avoid disruptions in the production process. Another key problem that ABC Company is facing is disjointed production process. It has been observed the breakdown of the plants and machinery is high, and this disrupts the whole process. A two-hour breakdown every day leads to 8 weeks plant shut to repair. This leads the company able to finish the production process in the planned time. Breakdown of plants need high-cost investment for maintenance and repairing the plant. Communication and hardware infrastructure is out-dated, and this mismatches the demand of fertilizers and what the production sector ought to produce. (Mabert Venkataramanan, 2008). The sales department is unable to present accurate data on demand for the products; therefore, they can produce high or fewer products. The claims from farmers are not real and to rely on its hard. There is a conflict between the production management and sales staffs. The sales teams argue that customers do not get fertilizers when they need them and on the other side the production department claim that the sales staffs do not provide the accurate date on demand (Christopher, 2016). The company can install hardware that passes the correct data to the unit of production to ensure that production is directly related to demand. Through the mismatch in the manufacturing process, it makes customers complain about their deliveries after being rescheduled. The customers also complain about that there are no straight prices but go for discount offered without committing to specific dates of delivery. This requires the company to use more money than the one that could be employed if the production was based on the level of demands. Another noticeable problem that affects the production chain in the company is the lack of Management Corporation. The rest of managerial department thinks that the firm revolves around the production unit. (Spekman, Kamauff Myhr 2010). This makes other administrative units to be reluctant in their daily operations which according to an efficient supply chain every department has a role to play in the overall achievement of the goals. The CEO mainly is concerned with market share rather than improving the quality of the product to beat their competitors. Diverting of attention on the core activities of the business is the greatest problem that leads to loss of the market share. Managers are concerned with the monthly reports from the information systems. The information may not be reliable as or give enough facts that can be used to plan for the company. The main work of the management is to set strategic goals, and this requires accurate and correct data ( Chen Paulraj 2014). Use of the data in the spreadsheets results to poor planning that leads to failure to meet the set goals. The sales people should consider the data on the ground and the one they get from their customers in their daily operations. This data is more reliable as it can give enough reasons why farmers opt for competitor's product. The management should ever consider the raw data from salesperson to set right and achievable goals (Prudhomme, 2015). The introduction of new distribution network did not work well in the point of dispatching (In Kahraman In O?ztays?i, 2014). The new distribution network is designed to ensure that customers arrange their trucks through private contractors where they are loaded using the conveyer belt. On the other hand, if fertilizers shipped to the distributors then ABC Company outsource transport services. The new network does not address the changing local needs. An information system is another drawback in the company since it deemed obsolete by the manufacturers. It is clear that the information gotten from the system is not sufficient for the manufacturers to use (Burritt, Schaltegge, Bennet, Pohjola Csutora, 2011). This has been witnessed by complaints from customers unable to buy fertilizer in the time of need. In other instances, their orders have to be rescheduled because of low production. Strategies In recent times it has come to the realization of a substantial room for improvement in the supply chain area of the ABC Company. The stock levels are high, but the service level is insufficient and the general operation across the supply chain is limited. As the company lacks in the internal competencies, the company will require to hire a consulting company that has a broad experience and features on supply chain management. The consultancy firm will be engaged to analyze the problems arising in the supply chain and to help in the implementation of the needed changes. The major point of address to be handled by the firm is on ensuring timely flow of stocks from Bunbury, Geraldton, Albany and Esperance to the depots located all over the country(Lee,2012). It will also look into the manufacturing units to ensure that the bulk raw materials are delivered in time. They will also be responsible for the forward planning of the shipping process and will also help in the management of the central distribution center. Customer Service Strategy The strategy will be based on the concept customer relations management and order (Gunasekaran, 2013). The primary focus of the concept is to ensure by utilizing reduced waiting time for customers and reducing on the rescheduling of delivery dates, ABC will be separated from other competitors in the market through the standardization of customer offerings through better service levels (Beamon, 2012). Both of these will be made possible through the introduction of much reliable internal lead times. The objectives of the strategy will include; To maximize on the service offered to the customers To minimize the existing inventory costs through better service delivery. The customer strategy therefore defines; The lead time to the end customers (Frohlich, 2012)- Delivery of the fertilizers will be delivered within the end of two working days, those distributed over a longer distance will take 14 working days, and if delays occurs, the products will be distributed within six weeks from the date of the customer order. The response time (Cooper, 2010); any fertilizer that needs shipping will be shipped within the span of a working day, in case of delays, the shipping period should not take more than 4 weeks after an order has been received from the ABC Company. In addition to improve on the customer delivery service, ABC should include special offerings with direct customers who have remained loyal to the company (Lambert, 2012). The offerings will be limited to only a certain number of customers of a strategic importance. However, for such offerings additional charges may be included. Before any of the special offering is implemented, an internal agreement from all the companys department will be needed. Manufacturing Strategy A make to order strategy will be implemented which will include the production of stock, the assembling to order, and the produce to order mini strategies (Lambert, 2012). There will be fertilizers produced with the aim of stocking and other fertilizers that will be either produced or assembled upon an order. This has the implication that upon the reception of an order, the fertilizer will be produced from the stock of raw materials that is already stocked. Alternatively, if the order is urgent, it will be met from the production of the semi-finished products to reduce the throughput time (Beamon, 2012). In addition to meeting the delivery time, a five day lead-time will be implemented. It will be based on a principle where on the first of five days, the order will be received from the customer and immediately entered in to the system of production. On the second day, the raw materials will be entered into production and assembling process, on day three the production process will take place, on day four the materials will be in stock for packing, on the last day, the final product will be ready for distribution (Power, 2015). Outsourcing strategy Outsourcing of the tactical and operation activities will enable the ABC Company to focus the activities that are really focused on meeting the needs of the customers. The main ideas for outsourcing in manufacturing, procurement and logistics departments; the outsourcing criteria will be organized into either make or buy possibilities, the core competencies of the outside partners, the existing collaborations and the available skills with other companies (Mentzer, 2013). Purchasing strategy The strategy will ensure optimum management of the base of supply, in a way that will ensure control, reallocation, and follow up of the suppliers whenever needed. The purpose of the developments will be to avoid; Much dependence on given suppliers Unavailability sufficient raw materials as a results of changes in the supplier market. Growth in costs and quality As the company finds the management of the supply base quite a daunting task a methodical technique for the right variety of the suitable plans for given arrangements of suppliers and materials are needed. The major risk factors affecting the supply of the product will be considered the factors will include the time needed to change the supplier, the available capacities on the market, the lead time (Ming et al., 2014). The use of advanced supply chain management system will be greater where the partnership with other departments will be under the implementation of suppliers. As the system becomes more complex, the cost of supply in terms of managing suppliers as well as the logistics cost will be likely to increase. The strategy will allow a decrease in supplying base of the cost effective areas (Ming et al., 2014). Infrastructural strategy The companys infrastructure is divided into the manufacturing infrastructure, the information system infrastructure and the logistics infrastructure. The manufacturing infrastructure including the manufacturing plant that is used in production of the fertilizers, an addition of the plant will be required in order to reduce on the downtime. Both of the plants will be used to produce the necessary goods for distribution (Ming et al., 2014). The logistics infrastructure is the main distribution centre which is located in the offices this is where the consolidation of the units takes place. It is from here that distribution to the other local stocks takes place. The information technology infrastructure- the different departments that make the ABC Company current operate on different technological systems and are only brought together by the monthly reports. They are also considered obsolete and no longer supported by the manufacturer anymore. An improvement on the companys infrastructure through a migration to an integrated information system will be crucial to achieving the goals of the company through the synchronized supply chain system. The information system infrastructure should ensure a better flow of ideas, and an enhanced connection between the various departments of the Companys departments. Other solutions such as the use of advanced planning and scheduling systems will ensure a better communication between the different departments and improve on the use of the different tools such as dynamic stock, improved accuracy of the data, capacity planning can improve on the efficiency of the process. Benefits expected from the strategies The strategies will ensure that the lead and response times are reduced therefore resulting into better delivery of goods to the customer. Will increase the competitive advantage of the company Strategy implementation The implementation of the strategies for the ABC Company will be possible in different phases. Different network streams will be required to effectively join the people from the different departments. In each of the phases, major sub projects will be defined, each of the sub projects will have pilot implementation for other smaller areas of the supply chain to reduce on the risk and complexity of the implementation. The purpose of the integrated information system is to make ensure that the company operate as a single item rather than the fragmented different departments. The main purpose of the integration is the reduction of the lead time to utmost five days. The key initiatives in the process include; The key initiatives include; Merging the supply and production departments through a common system and to introduce new functions Introduction of new inventory policies Reduction of the lead time from operation to the daily replenishments Redefinition of the key concepts to make clear distinction between all the key supply chain processes to create focus and transparency. Definition of the measurement system on the basis of the critical success criteria. The main issues that could hinder the implementation include; The lack of a functional management system Lack of an operational measurement system Lack of qualified managers Shallow understanding of the companys vision. After the integration of the different departments, the systems will then be merged with the new supply chain consultancy firm. The new firm will be responsible for managing the logistics and demand planning. The procurement will be integrated to recap the benefits of the new purchasing processes. The main barrier towards the implementation of this phase is the peoples resistance to change. The synchronization of the supply chain will incorporate an implementation of Advanced Planning and working with trusted suppliers and other service providers. The costs of implementation will include the total information system change costs, the stocking costs, costs to be utilised in procurement, and the cost of attainment of equipment. The costs will be analysed, the results will then be used to attain a funding source. The time component will include the internal cycle time, it was drilled down to the lead time of production to the lead time of suppliers. The average lead time for each of the phases is expected to be ten working days. Conclusion As a precondition remains dominant in the market, companies are being forced to compete in global markets and defend their domestic share from the international competitors. The result has been an increase in the complexity of their supply chains, an increase in the pressure to cut on costs and improve on the service levels. References Burritt, R. L., Schaltegger, S., Bennett, M., Pohjola, T., Csutora, M. (Eds.). (2011). Environmental management accounting and supply chain management (Vol. 27). Springer Science Business Media. Beamon, B. M. (2012). Supply chain design and analysis:: Models and Methods.International journal of production economics,55(3), 281-294. Bowersox, D. J., Closs, D. J., Cooper, M. B. (2002).Supply chain logistics Management(Vol. 2). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Christopher, M. (2016). Logistics supply chain management. Pearson UK Chen, I. J., Paulraj, A. (2014). Towards a theory of supply chain management: the Constructs and measurements. Journal of operations management, 22(2), 119-150. Cooper, M. C., Lambert, D. M., Pagh, J. D. (2010). Supply chain management: more than A new name for logistics. The international journal of logistics management, 8(1), 1-14. Frohlich, M. T., Westbrook, R. (2009). Arcs of integration: an international study of Supply chain strategies.Journal of operations management,19(2), 185-200. Gunasekaran, A., Patel, C., Tirtiroglu, E. (2014). Performance measures and metrics in a Supply chain environment.International journal of operations production Management,21(1/2), 71-87. In Kahraman, C., In O?ztays?i, B. (2014). Supply chain management under fuzziness: Recent Developments and techniques. Handfield, R. B., Nichols, E. L. (2016). Introduction to supply chain management (Vol. 183). Upper Saddle River, NJ: prentice Hall. Lambert, D. M., Cooper, M. C., Pagh, J. D. (2014). Supply chain management: Implementation issues and research opportunities. The international journal of logistics management, 9(2), 1-20. Lee, H. L. (2012). Aligning supply chain strategies with product uncertainties.California Management review,44(3), 105-119. Li, S., Ragu-Nathan, B., Ragu-Nathan, T. S., Rao, S. S. (2006). The impact of supply chain Management practices on competitive advantage and organizational performance.Omega,34(2), 107-124. Mabert, V. A., Venkataramanan, M. A. (2008). Special research focus on supply chain Linkages: challenges for design and management in the 21st century. Decision Sciences, 29(3), 537-552. Mentzer, J. T., DeWitt, W., Keebler, J. S., Min, S., Nix, N. W., Smith, C. D., Zacharia, Z. G. (2012). Defining supply chain management.Journal of Business logistics,22(2), 1-25. Miller, T. (2012). Hierarchical Operations and Supply Chain Planning. London: Springer London. Ming J., Ferry J., Kevin A., Margaret J. (2014)"Relationships Between Quality of Information Sharing and supply chain food quality in the Australian beef processing industry",The International Journal of Logistics Management,Vol. 25Issue: 1,pp.85-108, doi: 10.1108/IJLM-07-2012-0057 Prudhomme, M. (2015). Global nitrogen fertilizer supply and demand outlook. Science in China Series C: Life Sciences, 48, 818-826. Power, D. (2005). Supply chain management integration and implementation: a literature review.Supply chain management: an International journal,10(4), 252-263. Seuring, S., Mller, M. (2009). From a literature review to a conceptual framework for Sustainable supply chain management. Journal of cleaner production, 16(15), 1699-1710. Spekman, R. E., Kamauff Jr, J. W., Myhr, N. (2010). An empirical investigation into Supply chain management: a perspective on partnerships. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 3(2), 53-67. Stadtler, H. (2015). Supply chain management and advanced planningbasics, overview and Challenges. European journal of operational research, 163(3), 575-588. Stadtler, H. (2015). Supply chain management: An overview. InSupply chain management and advanced planning(pp. 3-28). Springer Berlin Heidelberg Tayur, S., Ganeshan, R., Magazine, M. (Eds.). (2012). Quantitative models for supply chain management (Vol. 17). Springer Science Business Media. Van Weele, A. J. (2009).Purchasing supply chain management: analysis, strategy, planning and practice. Cengage Learning EMEA.